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Country Profiles Coming soon Development Initiatives
Research Resources "Failures to respond to opportunities arising out of a sense of social superiority or social inferiority are expressions of a common principle. People respond to the example of those with whom they identify socially. When there is awareness of a developmental achievement by one belonging to the same social and cultural context, it can evoke a powerful urge for accomplishment in society. When the achievement is by one who lies outside the context, it is often ignored. Thus, the adoption of new crops and cultivation practices by a wealthy farmer may not lead to similar behavior by smaller farmers in the same community. Age, social status, class, caste, wealth, occupation and other factors help define social identity." Comprehensive Theory of Social Development ILO and EEC Links ILO - Employment - Job Creation and Enterprise Development Recommendation No. 189 - Job Creation in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises International Instruments Included in the Infobase Least developed countries The United Nations has designated 49 countries as least developed: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cape Verde, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Comoros, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen and Zambia. Except where otherwise indicated, the totals for least developed countries refer to these 49 countries. Major economic areas The classification of countries and territories according to main economic areas used in the UNCTAD Handbook of International Trade and Development Statistics 2001. 1 Countries and territories are classified according to main economic areas as follows: Developed market economy countries: Australia, Canada, the European Union (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom), Faeroe Islands, Gibraltar, Iceland, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, Switzerland and the United States. Countries in Eastern Europe: Albania, Belarus, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Republic of Moldova, Romania, the Russian Federation, Slovakia and Ukraine. Developing countries and territories: All other countries, territories and areas in Africa, Asia, America, Europe and Oceania not specified above. Other country groupings DAC member countries: The countries members of the OECD Development Assistance Committee are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. OPEC member countries: The countries members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries are Algeria, Ecuador, Gabon, Indonesia, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Venezuela. |
AFRICAN LEADERS PLEDGE TO DRIVE CONTINENT'S PROGRESS, BUT SAY
INTERNATIONAL AID IS NEEDED New York, Sep 13 2002 2:00PM The birth of the African Union and the adoption of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) are evidence of the continent's determination to emerge from poverty and despair, but international support is required for these initiatives to succeed, several African leaders told the General Assembly today as it resumed its high-level debate. "Africa has never wanted to be perceived as the 'scar on the conscience of the world,'" said President John Agyekum Kufuor of Ghana http://www.un.org/webcast/ga/57/statements/020913GhanaE.htm . "We do not want to be the objects of pity and charity, and we do not want to provide the grisly images of war, disease, ignorance, famine and poverty on the world's television screens." Instead, the continent's leaders were resolved to tackle Africa's problems. "We are determined to strive for democracy and good governance, not because these are fashionable buzzwords but because we are convinced that is the path to the surest, if not always the most rapid, way to development." He said NEPAD constitutes "a great opportunity for world leaders to move from rhetoric to purposeful action." Countries should invest in Africa not out of a sense of charity but for sound economic reasons. For their part, African States were working to nurture democracy. At the same time, these nations could not achieve "the dramatic rate of growth that is required unless there are significant injections of outside investment in our economy." In particular, he urged countries to contribute to efforts to tackle the HIV/AIDS pandemic, which is ravaging the continent. The President of http://www.un.org/webcast/ga/57/statements/020913madagascarE.htm Madagascar, Marc Ravalomanana, voiced gratitude to the UN for its help in resolving the country's post-election crisis and pledged "to take all appropriate measures for a more sane and rational management of public finances and international aid." In particular, the Government would focus on economic growth and development, working in partnership with businesses and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). "Madagascar is ready to do everything in its power to put the country back on the path of development, but we can't do this without the support of the international community in a sense that is mutually beneficial," he said. President Ravalomanana also joined others in urging support for NEPAD. "In the next months, I intend to make Madagascar as one of the flagship countries of NEPAD, since I sincerely believe in good governance, in infrastructure development, in education, in new technologies, in [sound] energy [policies], in access to developing markets, and in the protection of the environment," he said, pledging to work with the UN and other partners in building a "new Madagascar." Pierre Buyoya, the President of Burundi, also voiced appreciation for the role played by the UN in addressing the crisis in his country. "The Security Council has shown its solidarity with the people of Burundi in the search for peace," he said. Since the country's transitional institutions were put in place last November, the political climate in Burundi had improved significantly, but international support was still needed. Despite many reasons for hope, the challenges ahead remained serious, with violence constituting the main threat to the peace process. He stressed that the international community must press the rebels to renounce violence. Concerning broader concerns, he welcomed the creation of the Global Fund to fight HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis. Burundi also supported the proposal to set up a global fund to combat poverty. For Africa, NEPAD deserved the support of international financial institutions and the donor community. The President of the Republic of Congo, Denis Sassou-Nguesso, said the majority of conflicts plaguing the planet stemmed from extreme poverty, particularly in developing countries. In order to stop the misery in Africa, the continent had adopted NEPAD, a development plan which manifested the spirit of partnership reaffirmed at recent international conferences, including the World Food Summit in Rome and the World Summit for Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, South Africa. Congo itself was facing major challenges born of the country's political transition, he said. Thanks to the determination of the Congolese people, much had been accomplished in the face of these difficulties, including the establishment of new democratic institutions. Concerning the environment, he said that Congo, along with five of its neighbours, was launching a new campaign to preserve natural resources in the Congo River Basin. That initiative should spur other regional efforts to ensure sustainable development, he said. The Prime Minister of http://www.un.org/webcast/ga/57/statements/020913mauritiusE.htm Mauritius, Anerood Jugnauth said that in contrast to previous years "when the General Assembly listened to a litany of horror stories out of Africa, I am happy to note that there are substantial and positive developments taking place on the continent." He pointed in particular to the situations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Sierra Leone, Ethiopia and Eritrea, the Comoros and Madagascar. "The birth of the African Union heralds a new era of political, economic and social transformation for our continent," he said. "The continent is more than ever determined to shape its destiny, to tackle comprehensively the burning problems of poverty, hunger, disease and underdevelopment that have debilitated millions of Africans over the years." The Prime Minister also called NEPAD "another chapter in the unfolding of the success story of the African continent." The initiative, he said, "commits Africa to building a strong and enduring culture of democracy, respect for human rights and accountability." He cited in particular the African Peer Review Mechanism, calling it "a credible mechanism to promote the prospects of internationally recognized norms and standards of good governance." 2002-09-13 00:00:00.000 |
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