How to Select a Consultant - the Three Imperatives

Copyright © 2006 The National Learning Institute  
This article may be freely published electronically. It may be reprinted for individual use in hard copy but may not be reprinted in hard copy for commercial purposes.  
Used with permission of the author:
Author: Bob Selden
Managing Director
The National Learning Institute
www.nationallearning.com.au  
14 February 2007

Back to ... Workinfo.com Human Resources Magazine Volume 1 Issue 3, 2007  

As a manager many years ago when faced with my first challenge of selecting an external consultant, I found myself all at sea. Fortunately for me, I intuitively hit two of the three selection targets.  The project was to produce a communication video, so it was relatively easy to see and compare what each consultant had previously produced.  I had a number of consultants to choose from, but finally chose the one that I felt most comfortable with and whose work impressed me most.  The project was successful and in the process, I learned a lot.

Since that time, I have had to employ a number of consultants, I have been a consultant myself for almost 20 years, and I have worked with many other consultancies both large and small.  The following suggestions for selecting a consultant are based on my experience as a manager and in the consultancy field.

What are the three targets that one must hit to successfully select a consultant?  (Note; I am using the term “consultant” to refer to either one person or a consultancy firm).  Firstly and most obviously, the consultant must be able to actually do the work.  Secondly, the consultant must be able to fit in with the people in your organisation and particularly those who will be working on this project.  Finally, if the consultant is good, you should always improve your own knowledge as a result of the project.

1. Can the consultant do the work?  Seems obvious, but there are some traps.  For instance, I remember when starting out as a consultant in partnership with another (who was also new to the role), submitting a tender for a fairly large job and being selected in the final few for interview.  Individually, we’d had some experience in the type of work, but not as a partnership, nor had we worked in the prospective client’s industry.  We won the job.  Why?  The client saw in us some creativity and freshness that was not evident in our competitors.  However, this was an unusual client.  Normally, I would not suggest taking on a consultant (like us) who has not had the depth nor breadth of experience in the project.  So, unless one of your criteria is “freshness”, in terms of selecting for experience here are some tips:

· What are your specifications?  Be very clear on the outputs you will require in the project.  These should always be measured in terms of quality, quantity, time and cost.  Use these output criteria to compare consultants.

· Who has recommended this consultant?  Check their references – ask for the contact of the last job they did.  When checking references, use your above “output criteria” as a guide.

· Are you looking for someone to implement solutions to a problem you have identified, or are you looking for someone to help you identify and clarify the problem?  Or both?  Sometimes it can be useful to split the project into these two parts.

· In discussion with the prospective consultants, do they really give you the time to say what you want before jumping to conclusions?  If they appear to “have all the answers”, chances are they do not listen very well.

· Does their suggested solution appear to be specifically designed for you or is it a “one size fits all”?  Be wary if it is not specifically designed to meet your project criteria.

· Do they explain the things they can’t do as well as those they can?  This is always a good test of integrity, truthfulness and reliability.

· Is their initial response to your request up to your quality standards, sufficiently detailed (but not overly so) to make a decision, and within your time expectations?

· Does the consultant have depth of expertise in the subject matter and breadth of expertise in its application?

· Ask the consultant what is unique about him or her?  What makes them stand out from all the other consultants you might choose?

2. Secondly, will the consultant fit in with the people they will be working with?  This is a critical implementation issue, as whilst they might be able to do the work, if they can’t work harmoniously with the people, the results will be less than optimal.  For instance, we once worked on a major government project (total budget in excess of M$43) where the client continually kept us at arm’s length (for example, on a residential workshop, we were not encouraged to eat or mix socially with the client project leaders).  We met the output requirements for the client, but had we been allowed to work more closely with the client, they would have received a lot more value added service.  In this case, the client should have selected another consultant.  The following tips will help ensure you get the right client/consultant match.

· Is the consultant likely to be able to gain the respect and trust of your key stakeholders?

· Could you trust this person (people)?

· What is the process they will use? i.e., How will they work within the organisation?  How will they be seen?  Try to visualise the consultant working with you and the other people as they complete the project. Will it work?  Is it likely to be a good partnership?

· Who specifically (from the consultancy) will be working on the project and what will be their role?  For example, will the people you are interviewing be carrying out the work?  Be wary of consultancies that have “front people” that win the jobs, then send in less experienced people to do the work.

· Ask the consultant to describe what a “good working relationship” looks like to them.  Is the description the consultant gives you of a “good working relationship” likely to be, and to be seen to be, a partnership?

3. Thirdly, will you be able to learn from this consultant?  One of the reasons you hire a consultant is that you (or your organisation) does not have the depth nor breadth of experience to successfully carry out the project.  One of your aims should be to increase your own experience through this project.  For example:

· Why did you decide to employ a consultant?  What were the gaps you could not fill internally?

· What will you be likely to learn from this consultant?

· Will you increase your knowledge of both process management (how the consultant works) as well as content management (their area of expertise)?

· Will the consultant strengthen and support your role in the organisation?

Finally, if all of your criteria have been met and you cannot decide between two apparently equal consultants, consider setting them a small task or part of the project to complete as part of the selection process. 

For example, some years ago we were in competition with another large consultancy for a sizeable project with an initial budget in excess of M$1.  The client could not decide between the two of us, so he asked us each to undertake a small project (for which he paid us both), which would ultimately become part of the larger project.  When we each completed the small project, he had an excellent idea of both our capability and the manner in which we worked.  After all, isn’t the final selection criterion is actually trying the consultant out?

Oh, yes.  In case you’re wondering, we won the job!  

Author bio:  
Bob Selden is passionate about developing effective leadership and management within organisations.  He also works with individual managers in their personal development as a part time faculty member on the leadership and management development programs at the International Institute for Management Development in Lausanne, Switzerland and the Australian Graduate School of Management, Sydney Australia.  He’d really like to hear your thoughts on leadership and management development via the National Learning Institute. You can contact Bob at http://www.nationallearning.com.au/  

Article Summary:  
What are the requirements for successfully choosing an external consultant? What kind of service do you want the consultant to supply you with?

Key Words:  
External consultant, project management, corporate culture.